Keithley 2182A Two-Channel Nanovoltmeter

The Keithley 2182A is a dual-channel nanovoltmeter delivering sub-microvolt measurement accuracy for precision voltage acquisition in research, quality control, and production metrology. Its two independent channels enable simultaneous measurements across 10 voltage ranges from 1 µV to 1 V, with resolution up to 7.5 digits and typical noise performance below 50 nV peak-to-peak on the 1 µV range. The instrument combines exceptional DC voltage accuracy—±0.02% of reading plus 2 nV on the 1 µV and 10 µV ranges—with programmable integration times from 1 to 1000 powerline cycles and selectable digital filters from 0.5 Hz to 100 Hz. A 7-pole analog low-pass filter with adjustable cutoff further suppresses noise in demanding applications.

– Technical Specifications

Voltage Measurement
• Channels: 2 independent
• Ranges: 1 µV to 1 V (10 ranges)
• Resolution: Up to 7.5 digits
• Input Impedance: 10 MΩ (typical)
• DC Accuracy: ±0.02% of reading + 2 nV (1 µV and 10 µV ranges); ±0.02% + 5 nV (100 µV); ±0.02% + 10 nV (1 mV); ±0.02% + 50 nV (10 mV); ±0.02% + 200 nV (100 mV); ±0.03% + 500 nV (1 V) at 6.5 digits, 24-hour stability
• Noise: < 50 nV peak-to-peak (1 µV range); 80 dB at 50/60 Hz
• Common Mode Rejection: > 120 dB DC, 50/60 Hz

Resistance Measurement (4-Wire)
• Method: Built-in current source with voltage measurement
• Current Ranges: 1 µA, 10 µA, 100 µA, 1 mA, 10 mA, 100 mA
• Current Accuracy: ±0.1% of setting + 1% of range
• Compliance Voltage: Typically 3 V

Filtering
• Digital Filters: 0.5 Hz, 1 Hz, 5 Hz, 10 Hz, 20 Hz, 50 Hz, 100 Hz
• Analog Filter: 7-pole low-pass with selectable cutoff frequencies

– Key Features

• Dual-channel independent operation for parallel measurement workflows
• 6.5-digit resolution with sub-nanovolt accuracy floors
• Programmable powerline cycle rejection (1–1000 cycles) and digital/analog filtering
• Built-in 4-wire resistance capability via configurable current source (1 µA–100 mA)
• Exceptional CMRR (>120 dB) and NMRR (>80 dB) for noisy environments

– Typical Applications

• Low-resistance metrology and characterization
• Material and device thermal coefficient measurement
• Precision temperature monitoring via sensor validation
• High-resolution R&D data acquisition

– Compatibility & Integration

The 2182A operates as a standalone instrument with selectable measurement parameters: integration time, filter type, range, and digit resolution. Current source configuration supports 4-wire resistance measurement without external components.